Railway-brake



(No Model.)

' J. E. REYBURN.

RAILWAY BRAKE.

No. 568,371. v Patented Sept. 29, 1896.

IIIIIIIIIIII ATI'O RN EY.

NITED STAT S Jonu REYBURN, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

RAl LWA Y-BRAKE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No, 568,371, dated September 29, 1896.

Application filed November 12, 1895. $erial No. 568,668. (No model.) I

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOHN E. REYBURN, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city and county of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and use-v ful Improvement in Railway-Brakes, which improvement is fully set forth in the follow ing specification and accompanying drawings.

My invention relates to railway-brakes; and it consists of a novel construction of apparatus in which the revolution of the axle of a car-wheel is caused to supply the energy whereby friction is applied to an eccentric mounted on said axle, so as to retard and eventually. cause a cessation of rotation of the same, by the proper manipulation of a suitable cock or valve.

It further consists of novel details of construction, all as will be hereinafter set forth.

Figure 1 represents a side elevation of a brake apparatus embodying my invention, a portion of the same being shown in section. Fig. 2 represents on an enlarged scale a detail- Few 1of avalve employed in the piston seen in Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the two figures.

Referring to the drawings, A designatesthe axle of a car, upon which the wheel B of I the usual construction is mounted.

C designates an eccentric which is attached to said axle A and which is engaged by the eccentric strap or yoke D, to which the ecportion IV of the cylinder M and will incentric-rod E is attached.

F designates a cross-head which is mounted upon said eccentric-rod and which has an extension or arm G attached thereto, which has a hole therein through which the rod H passes, which latter is attached to the head J of the cylinder M, saidrod and arm thus serving to guide and support the cross-head F.

K designates a piston-rod which has one end attached to. said cross-head, while the other end is secured to the piston L, which reciprocates in the cylinder M.

N esignates the outer head of said cylinder, upon which the valve P is mounted, which is normally open and through which the air is discharged when the apparatus is ordinarily running, the air being admitted to the cylinder through the passage P, which is always open and communicates with the lower portion of the cylinder.

Q designates the valve apparatus employed in the piston L, the same consisting of the valve proper, R, which seats upon the shell S, which is mounted in the piston L, said shell having a shoulder or ledge T at one extremity, against which one end of the spring U is adapted to abut, its other end being in contact with the adjacent portion of said valve It.

V designates a valve-stem which depends from said valve R and has a head W attached thereto.

The operation is as follows: The revolution of the axle A causes the rotation of the eccentric G, and by reason of the intermediate connections the eccentric-rod E, cross-head F, piston-rod-K, and the piston L are actuated, the latter being thus reciprocated within the cylinder M. The reciprocation of the piston L will draw in air through the suction or inlet P, and if we assume the valve P to be open the pressure on either side of the piston will be equal and the piston normally in equilibrium, and the air will be discharged through the valve P. If now it is desired to cause a cessation of the rotation of the wheel B and axle A, and thus stop the train, it is only necessary for the operator to close the valve P by any suitable mechanism, whereupon it will be seen that the air at each revolution of the axle will be compressed in the right-hand the rotation of the eccentric, and this retardation will be communicated to the axle upon which said eccentric is mounted, thus establishing a reciprocal pressure which will alternately check and release as the speed increases or decreases, thereby effectively stopping the car or cars without sliding the wheels on the rails, thereby reducing to a minimum, if not entirely preventing, the liability of the flattening of the wheels.

The efficiency of the above-described apparatus constituting my invention can be seen at a glance if we investigate graphically the efiects produced by compressing air as described, starting at the fundamental law governing the operation of the same. Boyles law for air (for other gases and vapors, it being not exact) is as follows: The temperature remaining the same, the volume of a given quantity of a gas is inversely as the pressure which it bears, from which I deduce In the example before us, assuming that we have a cylinder nineteen inches diameter,

T; 2 then the area of the piston is a above formula we have 506 12,735 pounds total pressure on the pis- 12 c ton, o --j *:+lo pounds per square inch pressure 011 the piston. This pressure per square inch is increased to ninety on the second revolution of the axle A, and so on, provided the theoretical conditions are maintained. I thus obtain a powerful force acting against the crank motion of the eccentric, which constitutes the brake action, and to which especial attention is called.

lVhen it is desired to take off the brake, it is only necessary to open the cock P, it being understood that the moving of said cock is controlled by suitable rods or connections operated by the train-hands. It will thus be evident from the foregoing that a simple and effective brake is produced, and one from which positive and effective results are obtained.

I11 order to get the best results, I provide the inlet P with a check-valve P adapted to open inwardly, in which case suitable reliefvalves may be attached to the proper portions of the cylinder, if desired, while the accumulation of pressure within said cylinder may be regulated with great exactness by the proper manipulation of the valve P, as is evident.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a device of the character described, a

cylinder with a piston therein, an eccentric mounted on-a rotating axle, a stem on said piston connected with said eccentric, air inlet and outlet valves in said cylinder, and a check-valve in a passage in said piston, said parts being combined substantially as described.

2. In a device of the character described, a cylinder, a piston therein, an axle, an eccentric mounted thereon, an eccentric-strap, connections from the latter to said piston, where by the latter reciprocates in unison with the rotation of said eccentric, a valved outlet at one end of said cylinder, an inlet at the other end of the same, a check-valve in said inlet and a valve mounted in said piston, substantially as described.

3. In a brake system, a cylinder, a piston therein, a suction and discharge pipe for said cylinder, a check-valve in said suction-pipe a valve mounted in said piston having a head, a seat, a valve-stem and a spring holding said valve normally in the desired position, an cecentric mounted on a car-axle, an eccentricstrap and connections from the latter to said piston, substantially as described.

4;. The cylinder M, the piston L therein, a valve R in said piston, the shell S, the stem V, the spring U, and the head I, the suction and discharge openings P and P for said cylinder, said openings being provided with check and cut-off valves, respectively, the pistonrod K, cross-head F, arm G, guide II, and the eccentric-rod E having one end attached to said cross-head, and the other end attached to the eccentric-strap D, the latter being mounted on the eccentric G, in combination with the axle N to which said eccentric is attached, substantially as described.

5. In a device of the character described, a cylinder having air inlet and outlet valves at opposite ends, a piston in said cylinder having a passage in its head, a check-valve in said passage, an eccentric connected with a rotating car-axle, a stem on said piston connected with said eccentric, a cross-head connected with said stem, and having an arm with an opening therein, and a rod secured to said cylinder and passing through said opening, said parts being combined substantially as described.

JOHN E. REYBURN.

lVitncsses JOHN A. WIEDERsHEIM, E. II. FAIRBANKS. 

